{"id":15089,"date":"2022-06-30T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-06-30T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/blog\/dcmp-closed-captioning-standards\/"},"modified":"2025-09-12T20:31:00","modified_gmt":"2025-09-12T20:31:00","slug":"dcmp-closed-captioning-standards","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/blog\/dcmp-closed-captioning-standards\/","title":{"rendered":"DCMP Captioning Key: Standards and Guidelines"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-style-dark alignfull p-post-header has-global-padding is-content-justification-center is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained has-background is-style-dark--1\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);background-image:url(&#039;\/wp-content\/themes\/core\/assets\/media\/backgrounds\/hero-wave-blog.svg&#039;);background-position:50% 50%;background-size:cover;\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group aligngrid 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class=\"wp-block-tribe-terms__term\"><span class=\"wp-block-tribe-terms__link t-category\">Captioning<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n<h1 style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:0;\" class=\"alignwide wp-block-post-title\">DCMP Captioning Key: Standards and Guidelines<\/h1>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-9116416d wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\"><div class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-post-author-name\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/blog\/author\/3playmedia\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"wp-block-post-author-name__link\">3Play Media<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u2022<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-post-date has-10-font-size\"><time datetime=\"2022-06-30T00:00:00+00:00\">June 30, 2022<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><figure class=\"alignfull alignfull wp-block-post-featured-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1400\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/blog-images-KM-26.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"border-radius:1rem;object-fit:cover;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/blog-images-KM-26.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/blog-images-KM-26-300x107.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/blog-images-KM-26-1024x366.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/blog-images-KM-26-768x274.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/resources\/recorded-webinars\/recorded-quick-start-to-captioning\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Watch the webinar: 3Play\u2019s Quick Start to Captioning \ud83c\udfac<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Along with creating guidelines for closed captioning dos and don\u2019ts, the <a href=\"https:\/\/dcmp.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Described and Captioned Media Program (DCMP)<\/strong><\/a> provides media designed for students with disabilities and leads as a resource for families and teachers to support the academic success of students with disabilities.<\/p>\n<p>In 2015, 3Play Media invited Jason Stark \u2013 formerly a Project Director when he joined us for his presentation, and currently Chief Executive Officer of the DCMP \u2013 to present a summary of closed captioning guidelines and standards, known as the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/dcmp.org\/learn\/captioningkey\">Captioning Key<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>While the DCMP\u2019s Captioning Key differs somewhat from <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/faq-category\/process-and-quality\/\">3Play Media\u2019s closed captioning standards<\/a><\/strong>, it is a helpful resource for some captioning vendors and institutions that do <a href=\"https:\/\/go.3playmedia.com\/wp-diy\"><strong>their captioning in-house<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Keep reading to discover our insights from Jason\u2019s presentation, or <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/resources\/recorded-webinars\/understanding-closed-captioning-standards-and-guidelines\/\">watch a recording of the webinar<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"quote\">\u201c<\/span> Captions relay not only what is said but also what is being communicated.<span class=\"quote\">\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><strong>What Are Closed Captions?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Closed captions are time-synchronized video text that captures both speech and other relevant sounds, with the assumption that the viewer does not have audio.<\/p>\n<p>Captions relay not only what is said, but also what is being communicated. In other words, captions are more than a straightforward transcription of the spoken words.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Why Caption Quality Matters<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>When captions are not <a href=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/blog\/fccs-new-quality-standards-closed-captioning-video-programming\/\">high quality<\/a> \u2013 meaning they are not correctly synchronized with the audio, not properly formatted, or contain grammatical or spelling errors \u2013 an individual who is deaf or hard of hearing will not have full access to the video\u2019s content.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>An example of poor quality captioning:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/11-6-2015-sign-tifk.jpg\" alt=\"Screenshot of video with caption: 'brilliant student, the best sign tifk observer he had ever known.'\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"su-highlight\" style=\"background: #DEEFF5; color: #000000;\">\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/resources\/recorded-webinars\/recorded-quick-start-to-captioning\/\"><u>Watch 3Play Media\u2019s Quick Start to Captioning<\/u><\/a> \u27a1\ufe0f\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>To ensure that video captions are fully accessible to all viewers, the DCMP sets standards for closed caption quality in the form of the <a href=\"https:\/\/dcmp.org\/learn\/captioningkey\">Captioning Key<\/a>. These standards are not legal requirements, but rather guidelines to aim for.<\/p>\n<h2>Captioning Key\u2019s 5 Measures of Quality<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Accuracy<\/strong> \u2013 Errorless captions are the goal. Correct grammar and punctuation are important to convey intended meaning (e.g., \u201cLet\u2019s eat, Grandma\u201d vs. \u201cLet\u2019s eat Grandma\u201d).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Consistency<\/strong> \u2013 Uniformity in style and presentation of all captioning features is crucial for viewer understanding.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Clarity<\/strong> \u2013 A complete textual representation of the audio, including speaker identification and non-speech information, provides clarity.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Readability<\/strong> \u2013 Captions need to be displayed for long enough to be read completely. They need to be synchronized with the audio, and they must neither obscure nor be obscured by the visual content.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Equality<\/strong> \u2013 Equal access requires that the meaning and the intention of the material are preserved as much as possible.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Captioning Key\u2019s Formatting Guidelines<\/h2>\n<p>The DCMP <a href=\"https:\/\/dcmp.org\/learn\/captioningkey\">Captioning Key<\/a> also offers formatting and display standards \u2013 closed captioning guidelines that ensure maximum readability.<\/p>\n<p>Recommendations include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Limit lines to 32 characters or less, <em>including<\/em> spaces.<\/li>\n<li>There should be no more than 1-2 lines of text per screen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/11-6-2015-line-length.jpg\" alt=\"Screenshot of video with caption correct vs. incorrect character length and number of lines\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Use sentence case capitalization instead of ALL CAPS.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/11-6-2015-caps.jpg\" alt=\"Screenshot of video with caption correct vs. incorrect capital letters\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Use font that has ascenders and descenders \u2013\u00a0for example, where letters like y, g, p, and q extend below the baseline, and letters like t, h, l, b, d, and f extend above the topline of other letters.<\/li>\n<li>Use a font weight of average thickness, not too thin or too heavy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/11-6-2015-weight.jpg\" alt=\"Screenshot of video with caption correct vs. incorrect font weight\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Text should be centered on the screen and left-aligned.<\/li>\n<li>Color contrast should be sufficient to stand out against (but are not visually disruptive to) the content.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/11-6-2015-aligned.jpg\" alt=\"Screenshot of video with caption correct vs. incorrect alignment\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Captioning Key\u2019s Open Captioning Format Guidelines<\/h2>\n<p>Certain formatting options are only possible with open captions, which are burned into the video file. Compare this with closed captions, which can be toggled on and off by the viewer and whose formatting can be adjusted in the video player.<\/p>\n<p>If you\u2019re producing open captions, the DCMP recommends using white text on a gray, translucent background.<\/p>\n<h2>Grammar and Line Breaks<\/h2>\n<p>When creating a line break in a caption frame, the Captioning Key recommends these practices to preserve correct grammar and clarity:<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Modifiers<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Do not separate a modifier from the word it modifies.<\/p>\n<div align=\"\u201ccenter\u201d\">\n<table style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\" border=\"1\" summary=\"\u201cModifiers&quot;\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"\u201c0&quot;\" cellpadding=\"3\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"325\"><strong>Correct<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"325\"><strong>Incorrect<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Mark pushed<br \/>his black truck<\/td>\n<td>Mark pushed his black<br \/>truck.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4><strong>Prepositional Phrases<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Don\u2019t break up a prepositional phrase.<\/p>\n<div align=\"\u201ccenter\u201d\">\n<table style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\" border=\"1\" summary=\"\u201cprepositional\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"\u201c0&quot;\" cellpadding=\"3\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"325\"><strong>Correct<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"325\"><strong>Incorrect<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Mary scampered<br \/>under the table.<\/td>\n<td>Mary scampered under<br \/>the table.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4><strong>Name or Title<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Don\u2019t break up a person\u2019s full name or title.<\/p>\n<div align=\"\u201ccenter\u201d\">\n<table style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\" title=\"\" border=\"1\" summary=\"\u201cname\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"\u201c0&quot;\" cellpadding=\"3\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"325\"><strong>Correct<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"325\"><strong>Incorrect<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Bob and Susan Smythe<br \/>are at the movies.<\/td>\n<td>Bob and Susan<br \/>Smythe are at the movies.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Suzy and Professor Barker<br \/>are here.<\/td>\n<td>Suzy and Professor<br \/>Barker are here.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4><strong>Conjunctions<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Don\u2019t add a line break immediately following a conjunction.<\/p>\n<div align=\"\u201ccenter\u201d\">\n<table style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\" border=\"1\" summary=\"\u201cconjunctions&quot;\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"\u201c0&quot;\" cellpadding=\"3\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"325\"><strong>Correct<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"325\"><strong>Incorrect<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>In seconds she arrived,<br \/>and he ordered a drink.<\/td>\n<td>In seconds she arrived, and<br \/>he ordered a drink.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4><strong>Verb Phrases<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Don\u2019t separate an auxiliary verb from the word it modifies.<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\">\n<table style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\" border=\"1\" summary=\"verb phrases\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"3\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"325\"><strong>Correct<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"325\"><strong>Incorrect<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Mom said I could have gone<br \/>to the movies.<\/td>\n<td>Mom said I could<br \/>have gone to the movies.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4><strong>Sentences<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Never end a sentence and begin a new sentence on the same line \u2013 unless they are very short, related, 1-2 word sentences.<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\">\n<table style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\" border=\"1\" summary=\"sentences\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"3\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"325\"><strong>Correct<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"325\"><strong>Incorrect<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>He suspected that his face<br \/>turned pale.<\/td>\n<td>He suspected that his face<br \/>turned pale. He knew he<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Sound Effects and Music<\/h2>\n<p>Captions must accurately convey any sounds that are important to create an equal viewing experience without audio. DCMP recommends these practices for captioning sound effects:<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"float: right;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/11-6-2015-sounds.jpg\" alt=\"Screenshot of a rodeo with sound effect captioned: \" width=\"250px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The source of the sound effect should be included within brackets, unless the source of the sound is clearly seen on screen.<\/li>\n<li>Sound can either be described or spelled out with onomatopoeia \u2013 or both.<\/li>\n<li>Sound effect captions should be in all lowercase letters.<\/li>\n<li>Offscreen sound effects should be italicized.<\/li>\n<li>Be as objective as possible in describing music in captions.<\/li>\n<li>If music has lyrics, caption the lyrics verbatim.<\/li>\n<li>When a song begins, lyrics should be introduced with the name of the vocalist or artist and the song title in brackets.<\/li>\n<li>Add musical note icons at the start and end of lyrics.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"float: right;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/11-6-2015-lyrics.jpg\" alt=\"Screenshot of a video with caption: \" width=\"250px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Speaker Identification<\/h2>\n<p>To maintain clarity, captions must establish the identity of who is speaking, both onscreen and offscreen. If someone is speaking from offscreen, you should use <em>italics<\/em> and [offscreen] to indicate this.<\/p>\n<p>When someone starts speaking, their caption should begin with their name as a speaker ID. If their name is unknown, you can use another label such as \u201cDOCTOR\u201d, \u201cWOMAN 1\u201d, or \u201cNARRATOR\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Speaker IDs can be in all caps or in parentheses, but whichever you choose, be consistent.<\/p>\n<h2>Tone<\/h2>\n<p>Captions should preserve the speaker\u2019s tone of voice when it is relevant for communication.<\/p>\n<p>For example, if a character\u2019s emotion is not evident visually on screen (maybe they are offscreen, or their face is obscured), but their voice shows that they are angry, include [angrily] in their caption. Same with tags like [whispering] or [shouting].<\/p>\n<p>Note: when people are pictured speaking but there is no audio, make sure to include a [no audio] or [silence] caption so the viewer knows they aren\u2019t missing anything.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Want to learn more about the basics of closed captioning guidelines?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/resources\/recorded-webinars\/recorded-quick-start-to-captioning\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-27387 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/CTAs-1000-x-286-1.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" alt=\"quick start to captioning: learn the basics of accessible online video with link to watch the webinar\" width=\"1000\" height=\"286\" \/><\/a><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>This post was originally published on Nov 6, 2015 by Emily Griffin, and has since been updated for accuracy, clarity, and freshness.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" style=\"margin-bottom:0\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-6c28011a wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<p style=\"margin-top:0\">Filed under<\/p>\n\n\n<span class=\"wp-block-tribe-terms__empty-msg t-category\">No Tags<\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-dda23514 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-right:0;padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">\n<p style=\"margin-top:0\">About the author<\/p>\n\n\n<div style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);\" class=\"wp-block-post-author\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-author__avatar\"><img alt='' src='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/077af0eed48d15985c692daeff79eaff223726049f53bd6ef9a51ffb76629ed1?s=96&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g' srcset='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/077af0eed48d15985c692daeff79eaff223726049f53bd6ef9a51ffb76629ed1?s=192&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-96 photo' height='96' width='96' \/><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-post-author__content\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-author__name\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/blog\/author\/3playmedia\/\" target=\"_self\">3Play Media<\/a><\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-author__bio\"><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-fe217b39 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0\">Share this page<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-fe217b39 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-outermost-social-sharing has-normal-icon-size has-icon-color is-style-logos-only is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-outermost-social-sharing-is-layout-95ca00fe wp-block-social-sharing-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10)\"><li style=\"color: #767676; 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In 2015, 3Play&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":63,"featured_media":3933,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[133],"tags":[],"industry":[130],"resource_type":[92],"class_list":["post-15089","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-captioning"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>DCMP Captioning Key: Standardized Closed Captioning Guidelines<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Described and Captioning Media Program (DCMP) develops standardized closed captioning guidelines \u2013\u00a0read the recap to learn more.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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