{"id":15256,"date":"2022-04-15T11:35:17","date_gmt":"2022-04-15T15:35:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/blog\/why-captioning-non-speech-elements-matters-for-accuracy\/"},"modified":"2025-08-11T17:34:44","modified_gmt":"2025-08-11T17:34:44","slug":"why-captioning-non-speech-elements-matters-for-accuracy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/blog\/why-captioning-non-speech-elements-matters-for-accuracy\/","title":{"rendered":"Why Captioning Non-Speech Elements Matters for Accuracy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-style-dark alignfull p-post-header has-global-padding is-content-justification-center is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained has-background is-style-dark--1\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);background-image:url(&#039;\/wp-content\/themes\/core\/assets\/media\/backgrounds\/hero-wave-blog.svg&#039;);background-position:50% 50%;background-size:cover;\">\n\t<div class=\"wp-block-group aligngrid has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-buttons aligngrid is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-ghost is-style-reversed is-style-ghost--2\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"\/blog\">Blog<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity aligngrid\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:0\"\/>\n\t\t\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center aligngrid is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-008400e6 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);margin-bottom:0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div style=\"padding-bottom:0;padding-top:0;\" class=\"is-style-category wp-block-tribe-terms\"><ul class=\"wp-block-tribe-terms__list\"><li class=\"wp-block-tribe-terms__term\"><span class=\"wp-block-tribe-terms__link t-category\">Captioning<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t<h1 style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:0;\" class=\"alignwide wp-block-post-title\">Why Captioning Non-Speech Elements Matters for Accuracy<\/h1>\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-9116416d wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\"><div class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-post-author-name\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/blog\/author\/3playmedia\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"wp-block-post-author-name__link\">3Play Media<\/a><\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u2022<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-post-date has-10-font-size\"><time datetime=\"2022-04-15T11:35:17+00:00\">April 15, 2022<\/time><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><figure class=\"alignfull alignfull wp-block-post-featured-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1400\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/blog-headers-RK-3.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"border-radius:1rem;object-fit:cover;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/blog-headers-RK-3.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/blog-headers-RK-3-300x107.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/blog-headers-RK-3-1024x366.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/blog-headers-RK-3-768x274.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n                                                <p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/go.3playmedia.com\/wp-best-practices\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Captioning Best Practices for Media and Entertainment [Free Ebook]<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">When we talk about the quality of closed captions and podcast transcripts, we often reference the <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/blog\/caption-quality\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">99% industry standard for accuracy<\/a><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/blog\/captioning-accuracy-how-to-measure-error-rates\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Captioning accuracy measures punctuation, spelling, and grammar<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and is made up of two different elements: Formatted Error Rate (FER) and Word Error Rate (WER).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">WER, which considers word substitutions, deletions, and insertions, is commonly used to judge the quality of automatic speech recognition (ASR) captions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">FER is the percentage of word errors when considering formatting elements such as punctuation, grammar, speaker identification, non-speech elements, capitalization, and other notations. WER alone is insufficient to determine accuracy, and closed captions and transcripts must meet formatting requirements to be 99% accurate.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">While meeting all formatting conditions is essential for accuracy, one of the most commonly misunderstood requirements is <\/span><b>captioning non-speech elements<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are many commonly asked questions: What is a non-speech element? How do non-speech elements differ in closed captions for videos and transcripts for podcasts? Which non-speech elements are necessary for accuracy and comprehension, and how should they be effectively included in a transcript?<\/span><\/p>\n<p>This blog will answer these questions and more, focusing on the importance of captioning non-speech elements for both video and podcast content.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What are non-speech elements?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">While the text in a caption file often contains mainly speech, captions also include non-speech elements, such as speaker identification and sound effects, that are critical to understanding the plot.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Non-speech elements can include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/blog\/captioning-sound-effects-in-tv-and-movies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Sound effects<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (e.g., a bee buzzing, keys jangling, or a doorbell ringing)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/dcmp.org\/learn\/602-captioning-key---sound-effects-and-music#2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Music<\/a><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, either in the background or as part of a scene<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Audience reactions (e.g., laughing, groaning, or booing)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Manner of speaking (e.g., whispering, shouting, emphasizing a word, or talking with an accent)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Speaker identification for an off-screen narrator or speaker, or for multiple speakers<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Other sonic information that might be necessary to follow the plot or dialogue<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Non-speech elements in closed captions<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Think about the last film or television show you watched. <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/blog\/scenes-from-film-and-tv-that-would-make-no-sense-without-non-speech-captions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The dialogue was critical, but so were the non-speech elements throughout the program<\/a><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Perhaps there was lyrical, symphonic music important to the scene or sounds of a clock ticking during a tense moment. Whatever non-speech elements you heard, they were included carefully and deliberately to create a specific viewing experience.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Accurate closed captions for videos are meant to give deaf and hard-of-hearing viewers and those watching without sound an equivalent viewing experience. For captions to recreate the intended audience experience without audio, they must include non-speech elements and relevant aural cues. Otherwise, viewers may be left confused, uninterested, and frustrated.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>To learn more about closed captioning requirements for film and television, we recommend reviewing the <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/dcmp.org\/learn\/captioningkey\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Described and Captioned Media Program&#8217;s Captioning Key<\/a><\/strong><\/span>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/go.3playmedia.com\/wp-best-practices\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Create closed captions for media and entertainment<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Non-speech elements in podcast transcription<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you\u2019re one of the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/webby2001.medium.com\/the-state-of-podcast-listening-for-2021-podcasting-finds-a-way-b485c530c55a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>approximately 162 million Americans who has ever listened to a podcast<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, you know that a podcast episode is more than just words and dialogue. Depending on the complexity of a particular show, a podcast can contain music, soundbites, and more.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Here are a few of the many non-speech elements a podcast might include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Multiple speakers, making speaker identification critical for comprehension<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Music<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Manners of speaking<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sound bites from different recordings<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/podcast-101\/exemplary-uses-of-sound-design-in-podcasts-c03c28edbbdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Sound design<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Natural and ambient sounds that add nuance to a scene<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Additionally, speech-based content isn\u2019t always straightforward. Storytelling is complex, and transcripts need to differentiate between narration, the main conversation, external interviews, different recordings pieced together, and more to ensure accuracy and comprehension.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some podcasters also question which non-speech elements to include in a transcript. If you\u2019re creating a transcript after finishing a podcast episode, listening for non-speech elements that are important for comprehension can be challenging. To address this issue, we recommend considering the careful choices made during production. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A transcript should recreate a listener\u2019s experience. While reading a transcript will not be the exact same as listening to the audio, transcripts deserve the same careful attention to detail and nuance. If you deliberately included sound design to achieve a desired aural effect, then you should probably include a description in your transcript.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Why ASR isn\u2019t sufficient for accuracy and comprehension<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">While there are many <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/blog\/5-reasons-why-you-should-transcribe-your-podcasts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">benefits to accurate podcast transcription<\/a><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and <\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/blog\/8-benefits-of-transcribing-captioning-videos\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">closed captioning<\/a><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>,<\/strong><\/span> a common issue we see is a reliance on ASR transcription without editing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">ASR transcription typically won\u2019t provide adequate comprehension compliant with WCAG 2.0 Level A for video or audio-only content. While ASR technology can be impressively accurate for WER, FER issues are often abundant.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/media\/av\/transcripts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>WCAG-compliant transcripts<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/WAI\/media\/av\/captions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>captions<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> require both speech and non-speech audio information needed to understand the content; however, ASR transcripts and captions often fail to identify key non-speech elements, such as sound effects, speaker identification, and differentiation of layered recordings.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Unless you can devote significant time to making edits and including necessary information for comprehension, professional, human-edited transcriptions and captions are the way to go for accessibility and legal compliance.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/go.3playmedia.com\/wp-best-practices\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-25874\" src=\"https:\/\/www.3playmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Media-Entertainment-CTA.jpg\" alt=\"Captioning Best Practices for Media and Entertainment. 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Captioning Best Practices for Media and Entertainment [Free Ebook] When we talk about the quality of closed captions and podcast transcripts, we often reference the 99% industry standard for accuracy. Captioning accuracy measures punctuation, spelling, and grammar and is made up of two different elements: Formatted Error Rate (FER) and Word Error Rate (WER).\u00a0&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":63,"featured_media":4128,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[133],"tags":[8,23,84,18],"industry":[],"resource_type":[92],"class_list":["post-15256","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-captioning","tag-blog","tag-captioning","tag-podcast","tag-transcription"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v26.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Why Captioning Non-Speech Elements Matters for Accuracy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This blog focuses on the importance of captioning non-speech elements for both 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